In the present era, awareness of the events of collective life is considered to be a very necessary human need. In the international legal system, freedom of information and news is regarded as one of the fundamental human rights that, in addition to its inherent importance, possesses a special place due to its operation and support of other rights. Accordingly, on the one hand, it can be said that information has a fundamental and undeniable role in ensuring a democratic society. On the other hand, in international and national legal systems, there is a consensus based in which the scope of freedom of information and information is not absolute, and for which there are limitations that Public morals could be referred as one of the most important and ambiguous ones. This article, while studying the concept, position and necessity of freedom of information and news in international instruments and regulations, has examined the nature of Public morals in the international legal system and Islam and concludes that in the international legal system a different consideration and interpretation of the concept of Public morals was taken into account with regard to the foundations of Islam. Therefore, religious and legal examples are mentioned to assess the limitations of Public morals.

AbstractMany codes advocating Public morals have been challenged during recent years. The decriminalization of immoral acts, as one of the most important aspects of modern criminal law, has been rooted in the arguments of scholars such as John Stuart Mill and Joel Feinberg on the state intervention in individual liberties. These scholars by developing freedom restricting principles have advocated a kind of minimalist criminalization in the sphere of Public morality. Moreover, the international human rights law system, in an effort to balance cultural diversity and universal values, has endorsed Public morality as one of the permissible restrictions on unrestricted civil-political liberties. In fact, following developments in the performance of governments in the field of Public morality, the international human rights system, by providing a progressive interpretation of the principles governing criminalization, reject the legal moralism has attempted to defend a kind of rights-oriented criminalization that protects the rights and freedoms of vulnerable people.

This article tries to answer this question "with regard to the fact that that the couplet Matla-ol-Anvar is the book of mysticism, research and didactic, which components of moral elements have been used in it?" In order to answer this question, first these moral elements were extracted from the text and moral excellences which are called Maqamat and the spiritual manners which are called Ahval were separated. Therefore, this article deals with individual and social behaviors considering Amir Khosrow Dihlavi’s criticism of factitious Sufis. Results show that Amir Khosrow in Matla-ol-Anvar, considering mystical morality, has invited the reader to moral individual manners such as self analysis, knowing God, purity, hermit, solitude, research, following preceptor and contentment. In moral manners (not too subtly separating individual and social moralities) he has dealt with generosity, beneficence, trusteeship, respecting parents, preserving limbs from sins and violence toward people, friendship etiquette, etc.Entirely one can visualize morality in Matla-ol-Anvar as practical.

Most of contemporary thinkers of ethics hold that sport is most influential in both individual and social developments; also, sport in every society reflects the culture of society, and at the same it overshadows cultural, economic, and political problems. Among the problem, one can say that "morals in sports" is a topic which is less dealt with in different societies, including our own society. Surely, what beautifies a sporting event is the manifestation of moral values in relation to rules, rivals, spectators, and officials. At the same time, what persuades a sportsman or sportswoman to observe the values is the presentation of fair game, a subject which needs more discussions. In this article, the authors attempt to examine the attitude of fair game, the interaction between sports and morality and some moral problems in specific fields.

Introduction: Social responsibility from an ethical point of view includes the obligations and duties of natural and legal persons towards society and the environment. The moral behavior of people, like understanding of social responsibility, depends on their liberal ideology, beliefs and human values. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to study the relationship between liberalism and human values with the moral understanding of social responsibility. Material & Methods: The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational survey. The statistical population includes the financial managers of the companies admitted to the stock exchange, and the questionnaire was randomly distributed among them and 110 questionnaires were received. The sampling method is random. The research tool is a questionnaire and multivariate regression using SPSS software was used to analyze the data. Results: The research results show that human values based on Public interest have a significant and positive relationship with the moral understanding of social responsibility. But the thinking of liberalism does not have a meaningful relationship with the moral understanding of social responsibility. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, human values based on Public interest can be considered as a tool to strengthen the moral behavior of company managers regarding corporate social responsibility. Also, improving the thinking of liberalism in managers can strengthen their social responsibility. In this case, the policy makers of Stock Exchange can direct the managers of the listed companies to comply more with the social responsibility of the company, through teaching human values and strengthening those values, as well as monitoring the implementation of ethical regulations

This article explores the moral characteristics of managers in the context and content of Quranic verses and religious traditions.To achieve this aim, we have contemplated the apparent and internal content of verses and traditions from the viewpoint of subject analysis. Accordingly, the managers' morals and their internal/external organizational behaviors and also the quality of applying management methods and techniques such as consultation, modesty, loyalty and the appreciation of the past traditions as well as the impact of these behaviors on organizational factors have been explored.

The golden rule is based on self-other duality. Saadi has explicitly mentioned this rule in one of his pieces with a negative expression. Assuming Saadi's attention to the golden rule, the question is, what is the reason for paying attention to the other in Saadi's thought? And how has this rule been reflected in his narratives and wisdom with regard to the five areas of human existence, namely beliefs, feelings, desires, speech and actions? The answers to these questions have been done with a descriptive-analytical method. The results of this article show that Saadi's attention to another of the three sources of attention to the divine, selfishness, and the importance of social justice. Saadi has presented the golden rule in the form of wisdom, parables and the words of the characters in the story, as a concrete thing and as a lived experience, and as a result, the possibility of identification and its emotional impact has increased; It means thinking of oneself as someone else and wanting what is desirable for someone else.

Observing the morals of profession by the staff of an organization or company leads to promotion of its status in as far as the quality and outcome are concerned. A study of the factors influencing observance of morality in a society or organization helps to promote and enhance moralities. Using a descriptive-survey method, the present paper aims at assessing the relationship between management of information security and observing the morals of profession. In addition to studying the concepts of information security and morals of profession in an organization, the present paper elaborates on their dimensions. Then it analyzes the relationship between their components. The statistical universe includes the managers and staff of the companies working in the field of information technology which have been ranked by high council of informatics. Pearson correlation coefficient and Z-test have been used to examine research hypotheses. The most important research finding shows that there is a positive and significant relationship between ensuring information security and observing morals of profession in an organization.